Bryophytes
Non-vascular land plants - liverworts, mosses, and hornworts.
Bryophytes
Bryophytes form a paraphyletic group
Info to cladogram
- Extinct lineages are not shown. Phylogeny was prepared accordind to Shaw et al., 2010.
- Years are medians of years summarized by Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, version 13.
- Only selected “morphological” apomorphies are presented.
- Note: the age of Takakia and Sphagnopsida could be 700 my
Cladograms for each phylum
- Cladogram of Marchantiophyta is here.
- Cladogram of Bryophyta is here.
- Cladogram of Anthocerotophyta is here.
Table of families
| Info | Phylum | Class | Order | Family | Genus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Haplomitriopsida | Calobryales | Haplomitriaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Haplomitriopsida | Treubiales | Treubiaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Blasiales | Blasiaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Lunulariales | Lunulariaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Aytoniaceae | 5 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Cleveaceae | 4 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Conocephalaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Corsiniaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Cyathodiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Dumortieraceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Exormothecaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Marchantiaceae | 3 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Monocleaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Monosoleniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Oxymitraceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Ricciaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Targioniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Marchantiales | Wiesnerellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Neohodgsoniales | Neohodgsoniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Sphaerocarpales | Monocarpaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Sphaerocarpales | Riellaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Marchantiopsida | Sphaerocarpales | Sphaerocarpaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Fossombroniales | Calyculariaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Fossombroniales | Allisoniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Fossombroniales | Fossombroniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Fossombroniales | Petalophyllaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Fossombroniales | Makinoaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Hymenophytaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Moerckiaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Pallaviciniaceae | 8 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Sandeothallaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Phyllothalliaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Noterocladaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pallaviciniales | Pelliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Metzgeriales | Aneuraceae | 4 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Metzgeriales | Metzgeriaceae | 3 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Pleuroziales | Pleuroziaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Ptilidiales | Herzogianthaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Ptilidiales | Neotrichocoleaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Ptilidiales | Ptilidiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Frullaniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Jubulaceae | 3 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Lejeuneaceae | 71 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Goebeliellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Lepidolaenaceae | 3 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Porellaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Porellales | Radulaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Adelanthaceae | 10 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Anastrophyllaceae | 20 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Cephaloziaceae | 9 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Cephaloziellaceae | 35 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Acrobolbaceae | 6 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Antheliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Arnelliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Balantiopsidaceae | 6 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Blepharidophyllaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Calypogeiaceae | 5 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Endogemmataceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Geocalycaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Gymnomitriaceae | 9 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Gyrothyraceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Harpanthaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Hygrobiellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Jackiellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Jungermanniaceae | 6 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Notoscyphaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Saccogynaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Solenostomataceae | 5 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Southbyaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Stephaniellaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Trichotemnomataceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Blepharostomataceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Brevianthaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Chonecoleaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Grolleaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Herbertaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Lepicoleaceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Lepidoziaceae | 30 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Lophocoleaceae | 21 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Mastigophoraceae | 2 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Plagiochilaceae | 10 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Pseudolepicoleaceae | 7 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Trichocoleaceae | 3 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Myliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Marchantiophyta | Jungermanniopsida | Jungermanniales | Schistochilaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Takakiopsida | Takakiales | Takakiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Sphagnopsida | Sphagnales | Sphagnaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Sphagnopsida | Sphagnales | Flatbergiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Sphagnopsida | Sphagnales | Ambuchananiaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Andreaeopsida | Andreaeales | Andreaeaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Andreaeobryopsida | Andreaeobryales | Andreaeobryaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Oedipodiopsida | Oedipodiales | Oedipodiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Polytrichopsida | Polytrichales | Polytrichaceae | 20 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Tetraphidopsida | Tetraphidales | Tetraphidaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Buxbaumiales | Buxbaumiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Diphysciales | Diphysciaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Timmiales | Timmiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Gigaspermales | Gigaspermaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Encalyptales | Bryobartramiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Encalyptales | Encalyptaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Funariales | Funariaceae | 17 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Funariales | Disceliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Scouleriales | Scouleriaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Scouleriales | Drummondiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryoxiphiales | Bryoxiphiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Grimmiales | Grimmiaceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Grimmiales | Ptychomitriaceae | 6 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Grimmiales | Seligeriaceae | 7 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Archidiales | Archidiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Fissidentaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Hypodontiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Eustichiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Ditrichaceae | 23 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Bruchiaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Rhachitheciaceae | 7 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Erpodiaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Schistostegaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Viridivelleraceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Rhabdoweisiaceae | 16 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Dicranaceae | 41 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Micromitriaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Leucobryaceae | 12 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Dicranales | Calymperaceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Pottiales | Pottiaceae | 98 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Pottiales | Pleurophascaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Pottiales | Serpotortellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Pottiales | Mitteniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Splachnales | Splachnaceae | 6 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Splachnales | Meesiaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Catoscopiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Pulchrinodaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Bryaceae | 13 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Phyllodrepaniaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Pseudoditrichaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Mniaceae | 13 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bryales | Leptostomataceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Bartramiales | Bartramiaceae | 11 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Orthotrichales | Orthotrichaceae | 19 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hedwigiales | Hedwigiaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hedwigiales | Helicophyllaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hedwigiales | Rhacocarpaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Rhizogoniales | Rhizogoniaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Rhizogoniales | Aulacomniaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Rhizogoniales | Orthodontiaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnodendrales | Braithwaiteaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnodendrales | Racopilaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnodendrales | Pterobryellaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnodendrales | Hypnodendraceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Ptychomniales | Ptychomniaceae | 13 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Hypopterygiaceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Saulomataceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Daltoniaceae | 14 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Schimperobryaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Hookeriaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Leucomiaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hookeriales | Pilotrichaceae | 21 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Rutenbergiaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Trachylomataceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Rhizofabroniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Fontinalaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Climaciaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Amblystegiaceae | 34 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Calliergonaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Helodiaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Leskeaceae | 21 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Thuidiaceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Regmatodontaceae | 2 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Stereophyllaceae | 8 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Brachytheciaceae | 50 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Meteoriaceae | 21 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Myriniaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Fabroniaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Hypnaceae | 60 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Catagoniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Pterigynandraceae | 6 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Hylocomiaceae | 15 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Rhytidiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Symphyodontaceae | 6 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Plagiotheciaceae | 9 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Entodontaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Pylaisiadelphaceae | 18 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Sematophyllaceae | 28 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Cryphaeaceae | 11 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Prionodontaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Leucodontaceae | 5 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Pterobryaceae | 25 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Phyllogoniaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Orthorrhynchiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Lepyrodontaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Neckeraceae | 33 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Echinodiaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Leptodontaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Lembophyllaceae | 14 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Myuriaceae | 4 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Anomodontaceae | 7 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Miyabeaceae | 3 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Theliaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Microtheciellaceae | 1 |
| info F | Bryophyta | Bryopsida | Hypnales | Sorapillaceae | 1 |
| info F | Anthocerotophyta | Leiosporocerotopsida | Leiosporocerotales | Leiosporocerotaceae | 1 |
| info F | Anthocerotophyta | Anthocerotopsida | Anthocerotales | Anthocerotaceae | 2 |
| info F | Anthocerotophyta | Anthocerotopsida | Dendrocerotales | Dendrocerotaceae | 4 |
| info F | Anthocerotophyta | Anthocerotopsida | Phymatocerotales | Phymatocerotaceae | 1 |
| info F | Anthocerotophyta | Anthocerotopsida | Notothyladales | Notothyladaceae | 4 |
- Number in column “Genus” denote number of genera in family.
- Records in Italics denote the rows of species with gallery of images accessible by click on the image (not available yet).
- System of liverworts and hornworts was modified according to Soderstrom et al., 2016, system of mosses to Goffinet.